Humansciences: Journal of Human Sciences
General information “Humansciences.uz: Journal of Human Sciences” is a scientific and practical electronic journal, officially registered on June 16, 2025 under number 830912. Humansciences.uz: Journal of Human Sciences is an open-access, peer-reviewed academic journal dedicated to exploring the nature, mind, and intellectual development of the human being within the context of the humanities and social sciences. It publishes original research articles, review papers, and scholarly studies covering a wide range of disciplines — including history, philosophy, economics, philology, law, pedagogy, psychology, sociology, political science, and art history. The Journal published since 2025. Publication language Articles are published in Uzbek, Russian and English. The Journal sections The Journal specializes mainly on history, philosophy, philology, law and pedagogy. Nevertheless, articles on psychology, art history, political science and sociology are also accepted. Open Access All issues and articles of the Journal are openly accessible and free of charge. Published papers are available in the archive section of the humansciences.uz website for unrestricted reading and downloading. Review Policy All submitted manuscripts undergo a blind peer-review process, where author identities are not disclosed to reviewers. Only papers that receive positive recommendations from reviewers are accepted for publication. Anti-Plagiarism Check All submitted manuscripts are checked using specialized anti-plagiarism software. The similarity index must not exceed 15%, and the text originality must be at least 85% to qualify for publication. Publication Frequency The Journal is published monthly. In addition, special or supplementary issues may be released upon the recommendation of the Editorial Board. ISSN “Humansciences.uz: Journal of Human Sciences” is registered with the International ISSN 3093-8961. DOI The editorial office is an official member of Crossref and uses the DOI prefix 10.47.390. Each published issue and scientific article is assigned an individual Crossref DOI for permanent identification and citation. Founder The founder of the Journal is LLC “Scienceproblems Team”. Editorial Office Address: Tashkent city, Yakkasaray district, Kichik Beshegoch street, 70/10. Email address: scienceproblems.uz@gmail.com Telegram channel: https://t.me/scienceproblems_uz Phone (telegram): +998996020984.
THE ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS IN THE FORMATION OF SPEAKING SKILLS IN THE LANGUAGE LEARNING PROCESS
This article analyzes the psychological factors that prevent learners from speaking freely during the foreign language learning process. It examines the impact of fear of making mistakes, language anxiety, low self-esteem, perfectionism, and socio-cultural pressure on students' speaking performance. The paper also explains the main causes of these issues and proposes practical solutions, such as creating a psychologically safe learning environment, using small-group communication, applying gradual speaking activities, and increasing learners’ motivation. The article provides useful insights for teachers and language learners on understanding psychological barriers and effectively overcoming them.
Psychological factors, language anxiety, fear of making mistakes, perfectionism, self-esteem, foreign language learning, speaking difficulties, communication skills, motivation, psychological barriers.
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
INNOVATIVE OPPORTUNITIES OF AN EDUCATIONAL APPROACH IN THE PROCESS OF OVERCOMING DESTRUCTIVE BEHAVIOR IN ADOLESCENTS
This article scientifically analyzes the impact of psychological violence in the family on adolescent personality, the mechanisms of forming destructive behavior in them, and the innovative possibilities of a personality-valuable educational approach in eliminating this process. The influence of personality-oriented education on strengthening the psychological defense of adolescents, their socio-emotional development, and reducing destructive behavior is substantiated. The article proposes modern mechanisms for transforming the pedagogical process.
psychological violence, family, adolescence, destructive behavior, personality-oriented education, innovative pedagogy, psychological resilience.
CULTURAL-CONCEPTUAL INTERPRETATION OF FAMILY VALUES IN KHOREZM FOLK ART
This article analyzes the expression of family values in Khorezm folk art from ethnographic and cultural-anthropological perspectives. In particular, the study examines how ideas of family, marriage, respect for parents, generational continuity, and marital loyalty are artistically represented in the traditions of epic performance (bakhshi), khalfa performance, maqom music, folk songs, and ritual dances. The findings show that Khorezm folk art functions not only as an aesthetic phenomenon but also as a social institution that transmits moral and cultural values from generation to generation.
Khorezm, folk art, family values, bakhshi tradition, khalfa tradition, maqom, ethnography, folklore.
KHOREZM DURING THE ERA OF AMIR TEMUR: APPROACHES AND INTERPRETATIONS OF POLITICAL AND HISTORICAL-CULTURAL PROCESSES IN 20TH-CENTURY HISTORIOGRAPHY
The present article analyzes the works of several prominent 20th-century scholars specifically V.V. Bartold, A.Y. Yakubovskiy, S.P. Tolstov, I. Muminov, Y.G. Gulyamov, N.N. Vakturskaya, and M.M. Mambetullaev—who conducted scientific research on the historical and cultural processes of the Khorezm oasis during the 14th and 15th centuries. The study examines the historiographical evolution of approaches towards the political and cultural developments of the region during the Timurid era.
Dominant ideology, Transoxiana, Khorezm, scientific treatises, articles, reports, monographs, architecture,
SHURABASHAT POTTERY AS ARCHAIC FORMS OF ANCIENT POTTERY PRODUCTION
This article analyzes ceramic artifacts discovered at the Sho‘rabashat site as archaic forms of ancient pottery production. The study examines the shape, production technology, and functional features of the vessels using archaeological and typological methods. The results show that Sho‘rabashat ceramics provide important information about the lifestyle and craft traditions of the ancient population of the Fergana Valley.
Sho‘rabashat, archaeology, ceramic artifacts, ancient pottery, Fergana Valley, archaic ceramics, material culture.
SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE IMPACT OF MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS ON THE HUMAN PSYCHOLOGY
The article discusses the need for a psychological approach to the pros and cons of people using mobile devices today.
people, communication, technical means, person, bad habit, knowledge, justice, state.
MODERN REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PERSONALITY AND PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF A TEACHER
The article analyzes the transformation of the role of higher education teachers under the influence of educational digitalization. It discusses key changes in the professional functions of educators — from traditional knowledge transmitters to facilitators, navigators, and moderators of the digital learning environment. Special attention is given to the formation of digital competencies, the challenges of adaptation, and the prospects for professional development in the context of a new educational ecosystem.
law, digital technologies, education, teaching, distance learning, digital generation, new ecosystem.
TILLASHAYKHOVA H.A. FEATURES OF THE MOTIVATIONAL-VALUES SPHERE IN THE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT STUDENTS
The article discusses the main approaches to the formation of the concept of psychological wellbeing and resilience in modern psychology. The characteristics of the period of student age are given. The factors of well-being are revealed that allow people of student age to demonstrate the qualities of resilience and overcome life's difficulties.
motivation, value, well-being, activity, factor.
The article presents an interpretation of the assessment of the position of educators in the social environment, the study of the social types of personality in the direction of the profession, their status in the social sphere and their individual characteristics. Such a development of the image of an educator in a modern intensive society assumes a detailed study of the mechanisms and features of the activities of a modern educator
trainer, social type, master, teacher, analyst, entrepreneur, security guard, entrepreneurial, humanist
POSSIBILITIES OF USING CARTOONS IN THE FORMATION OF MORAL VALUES IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
In the article, various factors play an important role in the socialization and formation of preschool children as individuals in the modern information space. In particular, cartoons are considered not only as a means of entertainment for children, but also as a psychological and pedagogical resource influencing the formation of their moral imagination, social behavior, and a system of values. Studies have shown that at this age, the child perceives the surrounding reality more through images, characters, and emotional experiences. For this reason, it is highlighted that the plots and characters of cartoons can be an effective means of developing the moral qualities of children, such as empathy, compassion, and helpfulness
preschool children, cartoons, plots, characters, empathy, moral norms, negative behavioral stereotypes, science fiction, satire, adventure, fairy tale, teaching or development, animated products
FORMATION OF 4K SKILLS IN STUDENTS THROUGH TEACHING ARTISTIC TEXTS IN READING LITERACY TEXTBOOKS
This article investigates the scientific and pedagogical foundations of forming 21st-century 4K skills (Critical Thinking, Communication, Collaboration, and Creativity) in students by improving reading literacy. It analyzes the pedagogical potential of teaching literary texts, highlighting their role in understanding complex ideas, character psychology, and cultural contexts. The article proposes specific strategies and practical recommendations for developing 4K skills through literary texts, discussing methods such as text analysis, debate, project-based learning, and creative assignments. Furthermore, criteria for assessing 4K skills and recommendations for their integration into the educational process are provided. The study emphasizes the profound significance of reading literacy in modern education and the crucial role of literary texts in the holistic development of students.
Reading literacy, 4K skills, critical thinking, communication, collaboration, creativity, literary texts, 21st-century skills.
SUFI-PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS OF THE IDEAS OF TOLERANCE IN MAHDUMI AZAM’S TREATISE SHARHI YAK GHAZALI UBAYDULLOHON
This article examines the Sufi-philosophical foundations of tolerance in the teachings of Mahdumi Azam Kosani, a prominent representative of the Central Asian Sufi school. In particular, concepts expressed in Risolai Sharhi Yak Ghazali Ubaydullohon, such as the sovereignty of love, annihilation of the ego, divine existence, gratitude, and the notion of the perfect human, are analyzed in close relation to the phenomenon of tolerance. The study demonstrates that tolerance is not merely a social or ethical principle but a spiritual state emerging from qualitative transformation of the human being.
Mahdumi Azam Kosani, tolerance, Sufism, love, annihilation of the ego, divine existence, human studies, Ubaydullohon
INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE VOCATIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEM IN ENSURING YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF DEVELOPING THE DIGITAL ECONOMY: ON THE EXAMPLE OF INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE AND FUTURE PROFESSIONS
This article studies the impact and effectiveness of the vocational education system on youth employment in the conditions of digital transformation. International experiences, statistical trends and future prospects for increasing youth employment and forming professions in high demand in the economy through modernization of the education system in accordance with the requirements of the digital economy are analyzed. At the same time, directions are identified and practical recommendations are developed based on professions, digital competencies and the “Atlas of Professions” that will be in high demand in the future
digital economy, youth employment, vocational education, labor market, digital competencies, integration of education and employment, atlas of professions, professions of the future, human capital, reskilling and upskilling, digital transformation, workforce quality, technological progress
THE MATERIAL AND TECHNICAL CONDITION OF THE HEALTHCARE SECTOR IN THE FERGANA VALLEY DURING THE STAGES OF THE TRANSITION PERIOD
This article provides a scientific discussion of the material and technical condition of the healthcare sector in the Fergana Valley during the stages of the transition period. In particular, it analyzes on a scientific basis the state of public health protection during the years of Soviet rule, the problems and shortcomings of the material and technical base of the healthcare system, as well as issues related to the professional qualifications of physicians working in this field.
health, medical services, presidential decrees, law, regulatory documents, lifestyle, sanitary control, medical institution, medical services, practicing physician.
ANALYSIS OF WRITTEN SOURCES ON THE HISTORY OF THE GRECO-BACTRIAN KINGDOM
This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the written sources illuminating the history of the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, one of the major Hellenistic states of the ancient period. The study examines scholarly information on Greco-Bactria found in the works of Greek and Roman historians, including Strabo, Arrian, Polybius, Pompeius Trogus, Justin, Diodorus, Pliny the Elder, and Plutarch. In addition, the regional and international relations of the kingdom are explored through Indian and Chinese written sources, such as the Yuga Purana, Milinda-panha, Hanshu, Sima Qian, and Zhang Xuan. It is established that the Greco-Bactrian state, as an independent and powerful Hellenistic kingdom, functioned as an important political and cultural center connecting East and West.
Hellenism, Strabo, Polybius, Pompeius Trogus, Justin, antiquity, archaeological sources, numismatics, epigraphy, Menander, Diodotus I
Copyright (c) 2026 Maxmud Suyarov (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ECONOMIC FEATURES OF CATTLE HERDS OF THE SURKHAN-SHERABAD OASIS BY ETHNO-TERRITORIAL LOCATION AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY
This article provides information on the role and significance of animal husbandry, one of the traditional types of farming widespread in the Surkhan-Sherobod oasis, in the socio-economic life of the population of the oasis at the beginning of the 20th century, as well as on the peculiarities of the livestock farming of the inhabitants of the oasis in accordance with their ethno-territorial distribution. The main differences in the composition and maintenance of livestock among livestock breeders of the oasis were analyzed. Materials on ethnocultural processes that occurred as a result of the economic exchange associated with the mixed residence of pastoralists with the settled agricultural population are also presented
traditional economy, animal husbandry, ethno-economics, livestock breeders, types of animal husbandry, types of animal husbandry, semi-sedentary, sedentary, mixed economy, economic exchange, ethnocultural processes
Copyright (c) 2026 Yangiboy Turdimuratov (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
IMPROVEMENT OF THE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS.
This article examines the role and importance of the human resource management system in enhancing the competitiveness of higher education institutions. The study analyzes the impact of modern human resource management approaches, the development of employees’ professional potential, motivation, and performance evaluation mechanisms on the quality of higher education and the institution’s competitive advantages in market conditions.
higher education institution, competitiveness, human resources, human resource management, human capital
Copyright (c) 2026 Laylo Abdurakhmanova (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AND ITS IMPACT ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
This article analyzes the impact of digital transformation on human resource management. Based on scientific sources, the role of digital technologies in HR processes, their impact on efficiency, and the main challenges associated with their implementation are examined.
digital transformation, HRM, artificial intelligence, digital HR, automation
Copyright (c) 2026 Abdulkhofiz Khamraev (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE IMPORTANCE OF ECONOMIC ANALYSIS IN IMPROVING MANAGEMENT PERFORMANCE IN COMMERCIAL BANKS IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
This article considers the issue of improving the management of commercial banks in the digital economy. At a time when digital technologies and electronic services are playing a decisive role in the economy, commercial banks are also forced to adapt their management processes to new conditions. The article discusses the methods of economic analysis and their application in the management of commercial banks, and also provides analysis and proposals based on statistical data from the activities of commercial banks in Uzbekistan. It is shown that economic analysis is an important tool for improving the financial stability of banks, assessing the effectiveness of digital services, and substantiating management decisions.
commercial banks, digital economy, management activities, economic analysis, financial stability, digital banking services, statistical indicators.
Copyright (c) 2026 Diyorbek Maxammadov (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE IMPORTANCE OF POPULATION AND AGRICULTURAL CENSUS IN OUR COUNTRY
This article analyzes the strategic importance of the population and agricultural census planned to be conducted in the Republic of Uzbekistan in January-February 2026 for the development of public administration. The main objective of the research is to study the role of census processes in socio-economic planning, targeted resource allocation, and regional development. The article examines the historical experience of population censuses and the significance of modern digital technologies (GIS, online platforms) in this process. As a result, scientific insights are provided on the importance of census data in shaping state policy, ensuring food security, and increasing investment attractiveness.
Economics, population census, agriculture, planning,digital statistics, regional development, public administration
Copyright (c) 2026 Berdiniyaz Eshiniyazov (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE IN PERSONNEL TRAINING IN THE FIELD OF TOURISM
This article analyzes the specific features of personnel training in the tourism sector, the relevance and problems of this process. The research examines theoretical and practical aspects of tourism education, the need to adapt to regional needs, the importance of soft skills, and the use of modern technologies. The author provides recommendations for improving the personnel training system to enhance service quality in tourism. The article highlights important aspects such as dual education model, language competence, cultural communication, and professional psychological preparation. Furthermore, the study emphasizes tourism sector’s close connection with seasonality, changing external factors, and digital technologies. Research findings provide practical recommendations for reforming the personnel training system in Uzbekistan’s tourism sector.
tourism education, personnel training, soft skills, practical training, cultural competence, language proficiency, digital technologies, dual education.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sayyora Rustamova , Mohlaroy Abdulhakimova (##default.groups.name.author##) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE ROLE OF INTERETHNIC HARMONY IN STRENGTHENING SOCIAL STABILITY IN UZBEKISTAN
Abstract. The article is devoted to the disclosure of the features of the current stage of the state of interethnic relations as a factor in the social stability of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the issues of improving legislation in the field of relations between nations, in particular, the need to adopt a law on the state language in a new edition, taking into account the ethnic composition of the multinational population of Uzbekistan. It is argued that the adoption of the law on language in the New Edition will contribute both to the preservation and transmission to future generations of the historical and spiritual heritage associated with the Uzbek language, as well as to the improvement of the language policy in the country, as well as further strengthening of interethnic harmony. It is emphasized that the preservation of balanced interethnic relations is possible only by deepening democratic reforms in the country, creating an atmosphere of tolerance in society, and improving the culture of interethnic communication.
nation, ethnic composition, language law, ethno politics, interethnic relations, social stability, interethnic harmony, state policy, democratization.
Copyright (c) 2026 Shokirjon Zokirov , Avazbek Jo'raev (##default.groups.name.author##) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
FORMATION OF THE SCIENTIFIC AND THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR INCREASING THE SOCIAL ACTIVITY OF YOUTH IN UZBEKISTAN
This article theoretically substantiates that youth civic engagement under globalization is a decisive factor in promoting sustainable development and strengthening democratic institutions. The study aims to conceptually examine the role of civil society institutions in enhancing youth participation, compare major theoretical approaches, and identify mechanisms of institutional development.
youth civic engagement, civil society, institutional development, Central Asia, human capital, democratic institutions, al-Farabi, Jadidism, international law
Copyright (c) 2026 Najmiddin Qodirov, Normo‘min O‘tanov (##default.groups.name.author##) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, WHICH HAS ENTERED AS A DRIVER OF THE MODERN WORLD, AND ITS EVOLUTION OF DEVELOPMENT
This article examines the concept of artificial intelligence, which is gaining ground as a driver of virtual space, from a socio-philosophical approach, classifying its development evolution from simplicity to complexity, and through it to generality. In the course of the research, it is revealed that artificial intelligence is one of the most important directions of modern technical and scientific development, its connection with the part of human cognitive activity modeled by technological means. It is also proved that the evolution of AI was formed in several stages, each stage being associated with the expansion of technological capabilities, an increase in computing power, and the deepening of theoretical paradigms.
artificial intelligence, evolution of AI development, human cognition, technological tools, development trends.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ulug'bek Yazdonov (##default.groups.name.author##) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
This article presents information about the historical and political essence of the "Khanbozi period", the causes of its beginning and consequences, which lasted from the end of the 17th to the beginning of the 19th century in the Khiva Khanate and was characterized by the easy replacement of khans.
Arabshahids, Khiva khanate, Abulghazi Bahadur Khan, Anusha Khan, "Khanbozi", reforms, kungrads, yamuts, Nader Shah, tribes.
Copyright (c) 2026 Xursandbek Latipov (##default.groups.name.author##) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
DEVELOPING CREATIVITY AND CRITICAL THINKING IN HIGHER EDUCATION THROUGH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGIES
This study investigates the impact of artificial intelligence technologies on the development of students’ creativity and critical thinking skills in higher education institutions. The article highlights how AI tools, including generative AI (such as ChatGPT), support students in analysing information, identifying problems, and proposing creative solutions.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jo‘rabek Usmonqulov (##default.groups.name.author##) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
POSSIBILITIES OF USING THE AESTHETIC HERITAGE OF ORIENTAL THINKERS IN YOUTH EDUCATION
This study examines the pedagogical heritage and aesthetic views of Oriental thinkers and their application in contemporary art education. The findings indicate that the educational methods of our ancestors such as dialogue, storytelling, encouragement, habituation, and disciplinary measures can be effectively implemented in modern pedagogical practice
Oriental thinkers, aesthetic views, art education, pedagogical heritage, youth education, ethnopedagogy, moral and ethical upbringing.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nabi Jumaboyev (##default.groups.name.author##) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
THE INTERPRETATION OF INNER SUFFERING AND SELF-SACRIFICE IN THE COMPARISON OF HAMLET AND FARHOD
This study offers a comparative literary analysis of inner suffering and self-sacrifice as depicted in William Shakespeare’s Hamlet and Alisher Navoi’s Farhod va Shirin. Though these works stem from different civilizations—the European Renaissance and the Eastern Renaissance—they both embody universal reflections on human morality, consciousness, and the search for truth. Through comparative-typological and hermeneutic methods, the research explores the heroes’ spiritual trials and moral purification.
tragic hero; self-sacrifice; inner suffering; comparative literature; spiritual perfection; Sufi philosophy; Renaissance humanism; moral enlightenment.
Copyright (c) 2026 Manzura Axrorova (##default.groups.name.author##) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ELECTORAL CULTURE AND ITS ROLE IN THE POLITICAL LIFE OF SOCIETY
The article highlights the theoretical and practical foundations of the concept of electoral culture, its place in the political life of society, as well as its significance in the process of democratic reforms. It analyzes the role of citizens’ level of political knowledge, their political activity, and legal consciousness in the formation of electoral culture. In addition, from a scientific perspective, the article substantiates the role of youth participation, civil society institutions, and political parties in the development of electoral culture.
Electoral culture, Electoral system, Political consciousness, Civil society, Democracy, Political activity, Youth political culture.
Copyright (c) 2026 Faxriddin Elmurodov (##default.groups.name.author##) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL IMPACT OF THE USE OF STONE RAW MATERIALS
The article discusses the use of stone raw materials in the Paleolithic era. It analyzes the sources of raw materials, their selection, the production process, and the characteristics of mobility. It also considers issues of land development, seasonality, raw material economy, and transportation.
Uzbekistan, Paleolithic, stone raw materials, flint raw materials, mobility.
Copyright (c) 2025 Humansciences: Journal of Humanities https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0