Humansciences: Journal of Human Sciences
type: channel
description: General information “Humansciences.uz: Journal of Human Sciences” is a scientific and practical electronic journal, officially registered on June 16, 2025 under number 830912. Humansciences.uz: Journal of Human Sciences is an open-access, peer-reviewed academic journal dedicated to exploring the nature, mind, and intellectual development of the human being within the context of the humanities and social sciences. It publishes original research articles, review papers, and scholarly studies covering a wide range of disciplines — including history, philosophy, economics, philology, law, pedagogy, psychology, sociology, political science, and art history. The Journal published since 2025. Publication language Articles are published in Uzbek, Russian and English. The Journal sections The Journal specializes mainly on history, philosophy, philology, law and pedagogy. Nevertheless, articles on psychology, art history, political science and sociology are also accepted. Open Access All issues and articles of the Journal are openly accessible and free of charge. Published papers are available in the archive section of the humansciences.uz website for unrestricted reading and downloading. Review Policy All submitted manuscripts undergo a blind peer-review process, where author identities are not disclosed to reviewers. Only papers that receive positive recommendations from reviewers are accepted for publication. Anti-Plagiarism Check All submitted manuscripts are checked using specialized anti-plagiarism software. The similarity index must not exceed 15%, and the text originality must be at least 85% to qualify for publication. Publication Frequency The Journal is published monthly. In addition, special or supplementary issues may be released upon the recommendation of the Editorial Board. ISSN “Humansciences.uz: Journal of Human Sciences” is registered with the International ISSN 3093-8961. DOI The editorial office is an official member of Crossref and uses the DOI prefix 10…
publisher: Scienceproblems team
language: en
publication name: Humansciences: Journal of Human Sciences
issn: 3093-8961
items: DESCRIPTION OF KHOREZM CITIES IN FOREIGN SOURCES OF THE 18TH–19TH CENTURIES
items: ETHNOCULTURAL INTERPRETATION OF FAMILY CEREMONIES OF KHOREZM UZBEKS BASED ON RELIGIOUS AND NATIONAL VALUES
items: ISSUES OF HISTORICAL RECONSTRUCTION OF THE ECONOMIC LIFE OF THE KHOREZM OASIS IN THE ANTIQUE PERIOD
items: THE RELATIONS OF KHOREZMIAN MERCHANTS WITH STEPPE NOMADS IN THE MIDDLE AGES: AN ANALYSIS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND WRITTEN SOURCES
items: NIKOLAI IVANOVICH VAVILOV'S KHOREZM EXPEDITION: HISTORY AND SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES
items: HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE RELATIONS BETWEEN KHWARAZM AND THE TÜRK KHAGANATE IN THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES
items: MA’MUNIYLAR DAVRIDA XORAZM IJTIMOIY HAYOTI, URF-ODATLARI VA MADANIYATI
items: ADAPTATION OF ENGLISH LEGAL TERMS INTO THE UZBEK LANGUAGE: A LEXICAL-SEMANTIC AND TYPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
items: LEGAL REGULATION OF STARTUPS AND VENTURE CAPITAL
items: ENTERPRISE UZBEKISTAN AND THE TRANSPLANTATION OF ENGLISH CONTRACT LAW: A NEW FRONTIER FOR COMMON LAW IN CENTRAL ASIA
items: ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC ESSENCE OF ENTERPRISE COMPETITIVENESS AND THE FACTORS SHAPING IT IN A MARKET ECONOMY
items: PROBLEMS OF TRANSLATING INTERNATIONAL LAW TERMS FROM ENGLISH INTO UZBEK
items: THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ENSURING PRIVACY IN THE USE OF DIGITAL SURVEILLANCE TOOLS
items: PRACTICAL PROBLEMS OF MEDIATION AGREEMENTS IN THE JUDICIAL SYSTEM AND WAYS TO SOLVE THEM, INCLUDING FOREIGN EXPERIENCE
items: WOMEN’S RIGHTS: INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL APPROACHES
items: FORMS OF SYSTEMATIZATION OF LEGISLATION AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE QUALITY OF NORMATIVE LEGAL ACTS
items: MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF LEXICAL UNITS RELATING TO INTERNATIONAL LAW IN UZBEKISTAN AND ENGLISH: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
items: RECONSTRUCTION OF THE KALADZHIK-KALA MONUMENT USING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
items: SHRINE CULTURE IN KHOREZM: THE HARMONY OF ISLAMIC AND LOCAL ELEMENTS
items: THE WORK “A BRIEF HISTORY OF KHOREZMIAN MUSIC” AS AN IMPORTANT SOURCE IN THE STUDY OF CENTRAL ASIAN MUSICAL ART
items: PROBLEMS OF THE ETHNO-POLITICAL HISTORY OF THE KHIVA KHANATE IN THE 16TH–19TH CENTURIES (BASED ON ETHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH)
items: HISTORICAL-ETHNOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF TRADITIONAL SOCIETY RITUALS IN THE "GOROGLI" EPIC
items: THE ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS IN THE FORMATION OF SPEAKING SKILLS IN THE LANGUAGE LEARNING PROCESS
items: INNOVATIVE OPPORTUNITIES OF AN EDUCATIONAL APPROACH IN THE PROCESS OF OVERCOMING DESTRUCTIVE BEHAVIOR IN ADOLESCENTS
items: CULTURAL-CONCEPTUAL INTERPRETATION OF FAMILY VALUES IN KHOREZM FOLK ART
items: KHOREZM DURING THE ERA OF AMIR TEMUR: APPROACHES AND INTERPRETATIONS OF POLITICAL AND HISTORICAL-CULTURAL PROCESSES IN 20TH-CENTURY HISTORIOGRAPHY
items: SHURABASHAT POTTERY AS ARCHAIC FORMS OF ANCIENT POTTERY PRODUCTION
items: SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE IMPACT OF MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS ON THE HUMAN PSYCHOLOGY
items: MODERN REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PERSONALITY AND PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF A TEACHER
items: TILLASHAYKHOVA H.A. FEATURES OF THE MOTIVATIONAL-VALUES SPHERE IN THE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT STUDENTS

DESCRIPTION OF KHOREZM CITIES IN FOREIGN SOURCES OF THE 18TH–19TH CENTURIES
type: item
description: This article analyzes historical and ethnographic information about the cities of Khorezm in the 18th–19th centuries based on foreign sources, particularly Russian and Hungarian materials. Based on the works of travelers, military personnel, and researchers of that period, the author examines the location, structure, defensive systems, and socio-economic life of the cities within the Khiva Khanate. In particular, the presence of mud-brick walls, irrigation systems, markets, and craft centers in these cities indicates that the region was one of the developed areas. The article also reveals the composition of the population of Khorezm cities, their lifestyle, clothing culture, and ethnic characteristics based on the observations of authors such as Blankenagel, Muravyov, Vambery, and Zelenin.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: 07.00.00–Historical sciences
  topic: category
subject: Khiva, Urgench, Hazorasp, Kungrad, Khojaly, Armini Vambery, Nikolay Muravyov, Blankenagel.
  topic: keywords
creator: Husan Sultonov
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-20
publication date: 2026-06-20
starting page: 6
ending page: 10
doi: 10.47390/hum-i6v2y2026/n01

ETHNOCULTURAL INTERPRETATION OF FAMILY CEREMONIES OF KHOREZM UZBEKS BASED ON RELIGIOUS AND NATIONAL VALUES
type: item
description: The article analyzes the family ceremonies of Khorezmian Uzbeks as an ethnocultural phenomenon based on the harmony of religious and national values. At the center of the research are Islamic norms, traces of ancient beliefs, kinship ties, the mahalla institution, the participation of elders (oqsoqollar) and respected women of the community (kayvonilar), ceremonial symbols, and folk aesthetic forms preserved in birth, cradle (beshik), circumcision (sunnat), marriage, and mourning ceremonies. It is substantiated that the historical and cultural uniqueness of the Khorezm oasis, along with the integration of ancient religious perceptions and Islamic values into the daily life of the people, have created a multi-layered semantic system in family ceremonies.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: 07.00.00–Historical sciences
  topic: category
subject: Khorezmian Uzbeks, family ceremonies, religious values, national values, ethnocultural interpretation, marriage.
  topic: keywords
creator: Zulayxo Egamberganova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-20
publication date: 2026-06-20
starting page: 11
ending page: 14
doi: 10.47390/hum-i6v2y2026/n02

ISSUES OF HISTORICAL RECONSTRUCTION OF THE ECONOMIC LIFE OF THE KHOREZM OASIS IN THE ANTIQUE PERIOD
type: item
description: This article analyzes the socio-economic and cultural development processes of the ancient Khorezm oasis during the antique period. It examines the formation of the Khorezm civilization, the irrigation-based agricultural system, the development of crafts and trade relations, as well as the system of centralized state governance. The study analyzes historical stages from the archaic period to the 4th–7th centuries based on archaeological, written, and scholarly sources.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: 07.00.00–Historical sciences
  topic: category
subject: ancient period, archaic stage, irrigated agriculture, Kangju, Kushan Empire, Toprak-kala, crafts, trade relations.
  topic: keywords
creator: Surayyo Rajabova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-20
publication date: 2026-06-20
starting page: 15
ending page: 18
doi: 10.47390/hum-i6v2y2026/n03

THE RELATIONS OF KHOREZMIAN MERCHANTS WITH STEPPE NOMADS IN THE MIDDLE AGES: AN ANALYSIS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND WRITTEN SOURCES
type: item
description: This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the trade, economic, and cultural relations between the northern regions of the Khorezm oasis and the nomadic population of the Dasht-i Kipchak (Kipchak Steppe). The interactions of Khorezmian merchants with nomadic pastoralists, as well as their impact on the oasis economy, defense, and infrastructure systems, are elucidated by comparing archaeological excavation data with medieval written sources.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: 07.00.00–Historical sciences
  topic: category
subject: Khorezm oasis, Dasht-i Kipchak, nomadic pastoralists, trade and economic relations, Middle Ages, archaeological sources, oasis economy.
  topic: keywords
creator: Jahongir Ro‘zmetov
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-20
publication date: 2026-06-20
starting page: 19
ending page: 23
doi: 10.47390/hum-i6v2y2026/n04

NIKOLAI IVANOVICH VAVILOV'S KHOREZM EXPEDITION: HISTORY AND SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES
type: item
description: This article examines the history, objectives, methodological foundations, and scientific outcomes of the expedition conducted by Soviet botanist and geneticist Nikolai Ivanovich Vavilov in the Khorezm region in the early twentieth century, within the framework of the IMRAD structure. The study analyses the role of Vavilov’s journeys to Central Asia, and Khorezm in particular, in shaping the theory of the centres of origin of cultivated plants. The botanical material collected during the expedition, the statistical distribution of local varieties, the dynamics of variety conservation, and the scientific significance of the Khorezm oasis in the global agrobiocoenosis network are reviewed using Uzbek, Russian, and foreign sources. The results demonstrate that the Khorezm expedition enriched not only regional floristics but also the global science of plant genetics and retains its theoretical and applied relevance to this day.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: 07.00.00–Historical sciences
  topic: category
subject: Nikolay Vavilov, Xorazm ekspeditsiyasi, botanik ekspeditsiya, Markaziy Osiyo florasi, o‘simlik genetik resurslari, etnobotanika, kelib chiqish markazlari, VIR.
  topic: keywords
creator: Suhrobjon Yuldashev
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-20
publication date: 2026-06-20
starting page: 24
ending page: 33
doi: 10.47390/hum-i6v2y2026/n05

HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE RELATIONS BETWEEN KHWARAZM AND THE TÜRK KHAGANATE IN THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES
type: item
description: This article provides a comprehensive historiographical analysis of the political, economic, and cultural relations between Khwarazm and the Türk Khaganate during the early medieval period (5th–8th centuries). The study classifies the degree of scholarly inquiry into the subject according to chronological stages and national academic traditions, examining through a comparative-analytical method the primary sources (Chinese dynastic annals, Arabic-Persian geographical literature, Runic and Sogdian epigraphy, and numismatics), nineteenth- and twentieth-century Russian and European Oriental studies, the Soviet archaeological school, contemporary Western Turkology, and the Uzbek historiography of the independence period. The article generalizes the principal scholarly debates concerning Khwarazm's political and legal status within the Khaganate system, identifies the existing historiographical lacunae, and substantiates the priority directions for future research.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: 07.00.00–Historical sciences
  topic: category
subject: Khwarazm, Türk Khaganate, early Middle Ages, historiography, source studies, Central Asia, Sogdiana, vassalage, suzerainty, Great Silk Road, numismatics, archaeogenetics
  topic: keywords
creator: Go‘zalxon Ozodova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-20
publication date: 2026-06-20
starting page: 39
ending page: 44
doi: 10.47390/hum-i6v2y2026/n07

MA’MUNIYLAR DAVRIDA XORAZM IJTIMOIY HAYOTI, URF-ODATLARI VA MADANIYATI
type: item
description: This research analyzes the specific socio-cultural environment, lifestyle, and moral-spiritual views of the population that emerged in the Khwarazm oasis under the rule of the Ma'munid dynasty in the late 10th and early 11th centuries. The masterpiece "The Remaining Signs of Past Generations" by the encyclopedic thinker Abu Rayhan Biruni and the intellectual heritage of the Khwarazm Ma'mun Academy scholars served as the methodological foundation of the work. The article balances the social infrastructure of that period, particularly the urbanization culture of the capital city Gurganj, trade networks, religious and public spaces, based on the records of past travelers. Additionally, it examines the calendar traditions of the oasis people, the implementation of Turkic time measurements in daily life, the preservation of pre-Islamic belief layers, and their synthesis with new religious values. It is proven that the activities of the "Dar al-Hikma" scientific center elevated the culture of intellectual dialogue in the region, and the mutual debates of figures like Biruni and Ibn Sina shaped the spiritual image of society.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: 07.00.00–Historical sciences
  topic: category
subject: Ma'munids, Khwarazm oasis, Abu Rayhan Biruni, Ma'mun Academy, Gurganj, folk traditions, Turkic calendar, Eastern Renaissance, ethno-culture.
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohinur Mavlonova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-20
publication date: 2026-06-20
starting page: 34
ending page: 38
doi: 10.47390/hum-i6v2y2026/n06

ADAPTATION OF ENGLISH LEGAL TERMS INTO THE UZBEK LANGUAGE: A LEXICAL-SEMANTIC AND TYPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
type: item
description: This article examines the process of the adaptation of English legal terms into the Uzbek language from lexical-semantic and typological perspectives. The study is based on the interdisciplinary nature of legal translation, conceptual discrepancies between legal systems, and issues of terminological equivalence. Drawing on existing scholarly literature and practical units observed in legal discourse, the main mechanisms of adaptation are identified, including direct transliteration, partial calquing, semantic adaptation, and hybrid forms. The results of the analysis indicate that English legal terms are actively used in Uzbek, particularly in the fields of international law, contracts, arbitration, mediation, and compliance. At the same time, parallel variants remain in use for certain terms. This situation demonstrates that legal terms possess not only linguistic significance but also institutional and normative status. The article further proposes practical recommendations for the standardization of legal terminology, the improvement of translation quality, and the development of scholarly lexicography.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: 10.00.00 – Philological sciences
  topic: category
subject: legal terminology, terminological adaptation, legal translation, semantic adaptation, comparative linguistics, Uzbek language, English language, terminology standardization.
  topic: keywords
creator: Feruza Isanova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-20
publication date: 2026-06-20
starting page: 45
ending page: 49
doi: 10.47390/hum-i6v2y2026/n08

LEGAL REGULATION OF STARTUPS AND VENTURE CAPITAL
type: item
description: This article examines theoretical and practical issues of legal regulation of startups and venture capital. Based on the legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the fields of innovation, investment, IT Park regulation, and innovation policy, the current legal status of the startup ecosystem is assessed. Foreign experience is analyzed through the UK EIS model, Singapore’s Startup SG Equity mechanism, as well as SAFE and standard venture financing documents. The article argues for establishing a special legal regime for startups and venture capital in Uzbekistan, clarifying investment instruments, and strengthening intellectual property protection.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: 12.00.00 – Law
  topic: category
subject: startup, venture capital, investment agreement, SAFE, convertible instruments, intellectual property, IT Park, innovation activity.
  topic: keywords
creator: Umidjon Khujabekov
creator: Munisa Khujanova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-20
publication date: 2026-06-20
starting page: 50
ending page: 55
doi: 10.47390/hum-i6v2y2026/n09

ENTERPRISE UZBEKISTAN AND THE TRANSPLANTATION OF ENGLISH CONTRACT LAW: A NEW FRONTIER FOR COMMON LAW IN CENTRAL ASIA
type: item
description: In November 2025, the President of Uzbekistan signed Presidential Decree No. UP-233, formally establishing the International Centre for Digital Technologies 'Enterprise Uzbekistan' as a distinct jurisdiction operating under the norms and principles of the common law of England and Wales. This article examines that development through the lens of English contract law. It considers what transplanting English contract law into a civil law State actually means in doctrinal terms, analyses the tensions that arise between the English common law tradition — with its emphasis on freedom of contract, certainty, and good faith —and the codified obligations framework of the Uzbek Civil Code, and draws on the comparative experience of analogous special economic zones in the Gulf, particularly the Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC) and the Abu Dhabi Global Market (ADGM).
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: 12.00.00 – Law
  topic: category
subject: legal transplant; Enterprise Uzbekistan; English contract law; freedom of contract; good faith; DIFC; ADGM; special economic zone; civil law; common law.
  topic: keywords
creator: Fotima Xursanova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-06-20
publication date: 2026-06-20
starting page: 56
ending page: 63
doi: 10.47390/hum-i6v2y2026/n10

ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC ESSENCE OF ENTERPRISE COMPETITIVENESS AND THE FACTORS SHAPING IT IN A MARKET ECONOMY
type: item
description: This article analyzes the economic essence of enterprise competitiveness in a market economy, the main factors shaping it, and theoretical aspects of improving competitiveness.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: 08.00.00 – Economic sciences
  topic: category
subject: enterprise competitiveness, market economy, innovation, management efficiency, marketing strategy
  topic: keywords
creator: Sabohat Gʻaniyeva
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-05-12
publication date: 2026-05-12
starting page: 6
ending page: 10
doi: 10.47390/hum-i5v2y2026/n01

PROBLEMS OF TRANSLATING INTERNATIONAL LAW TERMS FROM ENGLISH INTO UZBEK
type: item
description: This article analyzes the main linguistic and legal problems that arise in the process of translating international law terms from English into Uzbek. The study covers the issues of semantic compatibility of terms, limited legal equivalence, polysemy, context-dependence, institutional differences, and terminological uniformity. It also evaluates the main strategies used in translating international law terms — finding a direct alternative, explanatory translation, calculus, and transliteration — from a scientific point of view. The analysis shows that in legal translation, knowledge of the language alone is not enough; legal systems, terminological norms, and the functional purpose of the text must also be taken into account.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: 10.00.00 – Philological sciences
  topic: category
subject: international law, terminology, legal translation, equivalence, semantic compatibility, translation problems
  topic: keywords
creator: Feruza Isanova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-05-12
publication date: 2026-05-12
starting page: 11
ending page: 14
doi: 10.47390/hum-i5v2y2026/n02

THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ENSURING PRIVACY IN THE USE OF DIGITAL SURVEILLANCE TOOLS
type: item
description: This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the application of modern artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in digital surveillance systems and their impact on personal privacy. It is demonstrated that facial recognition, behavioral analytics, predictive surveillance, and multimodal biometric identification technologies, while enhancing security, simultaneously pose serious threats to data confidentiality. The paper analyses Federated Learning, Differential Privacy, and Secure Multi-Party Computation (SMPC) technologies, scientifically substantiating pathways for integrating Privacy-Preserving AI architecture into surveillance systems.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: 12.00.00 – Law
  topic: category
subject: artificial intelligence, digital surveillance, personal privacy, facial recognition, behavioral analytics, federated learning, differential privacy, ethical AI
  topic: keywords
creator: Bilolbek Giyosov
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-05-12
publication date: 2026-05-12
starting page: 15
ending page: 19
doi: 10.47390/hum-i5v2y2026/n03

PRACTICAL PROBLEMS OF MEDIATION AGREEMENTS IN THE JUDICIAL SYSTEM AND WAYS TO SOLVE THEM, INCLUDING FOREIGN EXPERIENCE
type: item
description: This study demonstrates that despite the existence of mediation legislation in Uzbekistan (the 2018 Law and relevant procedural codes), a number of practical problems persist. In particular, a settlement agreement (“mediation agreement”) is allowed only at the deliberation stage of the court of first instance, which in many cases limits the autonomy of the parties. In addition, a mediation agreement does not have enforceability until it is approved by a court, meaning that no automatic enforcement mechanism is предусмотрено. These factors reduce the possibility of resolving disputes quickly without resorting to courts. Based on the analysis, the main proposals are as follows: expanding procedural rules, introducing a mechanism to grant mediation agreements the status of directly enforceable documents (for example, through the involvement of a notary or bailiff to issue a writ of execution), clearly defining the substantive requirements of the agreement (obligations, deadlines, enforcement guarantees), introducing mandatory recommendation procedures for mediation in courts, and strengthening the professional qualifications of mediators (certification and continuous education). These proposals can help reduce the workload of the judicial system and strengthen mechanisms for fast, cost-effective, and reliable dispute resolution for citizens and businesses.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: 12.00.00 – Law
  topic: category
subject: mediation agreement, mediation, mediator, agreement on conducting mediation procedure, agreement on application of mediation
  topic: keywords
creator: Doston Jo’rayev
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-05-12
publication date: 2026-05-12
starting page: 20
ending page: 25
doi: 10.47390/hum-i5v2y2026/n04

WOMEN’S RIGHTS: INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL APPROACHES
type: item
description: This article examines women’s rights from international and national perspectives. The study analyzes the historical development of women’s rights, the concept of gender equality, international legal standards, and reforms implemented in Uzbekistan to ensure equal rights and opportunities for women
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: 12.00.00 – Law
  topic: category
subject: women’s rights, gender equality, human rights, discrimination, international law, national legislation, women’s protection
  topic: keywords
creator: Odinaxon Raximjonova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-05-12
publication date: 2026-05-12
starting page: 26
ending page: 30
doi: 10.47390/hum-i5v2y2026/n05

FORMS OF SYSTEMATIZATION OF LEGISLATION AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE QUALITY OF NORMATIVE LEGAL ACTS
type: item
description: This article examines the concept of systematization of legislation and its main forms—incorporation, consolidation, and codification—from a theoretical and scientific perspective. It analyzes the impact of these forms on the quality of normative legal acts, particularly in terms of legal clarity, consistency, coherence, and effectiveness of application. The paper also highlights current challenges in the systematization of legislation and proposes possible ways to address them in modern legal practice.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: systematization of legislation, incorporation, codification, consolidation, normative legal acts, legal system, legal clarity, effectiveness.
  topic: keywords
creator: Shoxruxbek Zokirov
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-29
publication date: 2026-04-29
starting page: 42
ending page: 48
doi: 10.47390/hum-i4v2y2026/n07

MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF LEXICAL UNITS RELATING TO INTERNATIONAL LAW IN UZBEKISTAN AND ENGLISH: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
type: item
description: This article presents a comparative analysis of the morphological structure of lexical units related to international law in Uzbek and English languages. The study examines simple, derived, and compound legal terms and analyzes their formation through affixation, derivation, and composition processes. Particular attention is given to the role of prefixes and suffixes in the formation of international legal terminology. The similarities and differences in morphological patterns between Uzbek and English legal terms are identified and systematized. The results of the research contribute to improving translation practices, standardizing legal terminology, and enhancing linguistic research in the field of international legal discourse.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: international law, terminology, lexical units, morphological structure, affixation, derivation, composition, prefix, suffix, comparative analysis.
  topic: keywords
creator: Feruza Isanova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-29
publication date: 2026-04-29
starting page: 32
ending page: 41
doi: 10.47390/hum-i4v2y2026/n06

RECONSTRUCTION OF THE KALADZHIK-KALA MONUMENT USING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
type: item
description: The article reveals new tools for historical reconstruction, working with a database, special software for linguistic analysis of historical text, the use of aerial visual observation and aerial photography using quadcopters, the promising importance of GPS, GIS and 3D modeling technologies in the process of reconstruction of the Kaladzhik-Kala monument located in the Khorezm oasis. The work presents an analysis of foreign experience in the application of innovations and achievements of modern technologies in the field of archeology and historical reconstruction. Particular attention is paid to such scientific areas as “digital history”, “virtual archeology”, “settlement archaeology”.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Kaladzhik-Kala, archaeological research, information technology, GPS, GIS, 3D modeling, reconstruction.
  topic: keywords
creator: Zarafshan Jumabekova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-29
publication date: 2026-04-29
starting page: 27
ending page: 31
doi: 10.47390/hum-i4v2y2026/n05

SHRINE CULTURE IN KHOREZM: THE HARMONY OF ISLAMIC AND LOCAL ELEMENTS
type: item
description: This article analyzes the shrine culture in the Khorezm oasis from historical-ethnographic and religious-anthropological perspectives. The research focuses on two main layers of the sacred space system: the religious traditions associated with Islamic Sufism, saints (awliya), and tomb visitation (ziyarat), alongside local belief layers tied to water, trees, springs, patrons of crafts, and clan-community memory. The Khorezmian materials demonstrate that pilgrimage practices are neither purely "canonical" nor purely "folk" phenomena. Instead, they constitute a complex system formed at the intersection of religious norms, social needs, historical memory, and sacred geography. Figures such as Pahlavon Mahmud, Said Olloquddin, Said Ota, Hakim Ota, Sulton Hubbi, and Ambar-Ona, along with their associated shrines, combine the language of Islamic sanctity with local beliefs, becoming deeply embedded in the daily religious experiences of the oasis population.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Khorezm, shrine, saint (awliya), folk Islam, Sufism, sacred space, Sulton Hubbi, Ambar-Ona, Pahlavon Mahmud, religious syncretism.
  topic: keywords
creator: Sevara Djabbarova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-29
publication date: 2026-04-29
starting page: 23
ending page: 26
doi: 10.47390/hum-i4v2y2026/n04

THE WORK “A BRIEF HISTORY OF KHOREZMIAN MUSIC” AS AN IMPORTANT SOURCE IN THE STUDY OF CENTRAL ASIAN MUSICAL ART
type: item
description: This article aims to explore the significant historiographical and source-study importance of the treatise “A Brief History of Khorezmian Music” (Xorazm musiqiy tarixchasi), co-authored by Mulla Bekjon Rahmon ogli and Muhammad Yusuf Devonzoda in 1925. Serving as a fundamental reference source in Central Asian ethnomusicology, this treatise provides an unprecedented written archive of Khorezmian musical traditions, which had historically survived for centuries exclusively through oral transmission (tavotur). Employing the methodology of musical source study, the article provides an in-depth analysis of the treatise's role in documenting the institutionalization of the maqom system during the “Feruz Renaissance” in the Khiva Khanate at the end of the 19th century. Furthermore, it highlights the work's crucial contribution to the semiotic deciphering of the Khorezmian tanbur notation (an eighteen-line tablature system) and its value in preserving authentic local musical terminology amidst the subsequent rise of Soviet cultural homogenization. The research results confirm that this 1925 treatise is not merely a historical memoir of the past, but a crucial epistemological bridge between oral performance practice and systematized musicological classification. This factor renders it a primary source for international research in modern ethnomusicology and cultural history.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Khorezmian music, musical source study, ethnomusicology, maqom system, tablature, oral tradition, textology, History of Central Asia.
  topic: keywords
creator: Shoxnoza Abdullayeva
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-29
publication date: 2026-04-29
starting page: 16
ending page: 22
doi: 10.47390/hum-i4v2y2026/n03

PROBLEMS OF THE ETHNO-POLITICAL HISTORY OF THE KHIVA KHANATE IN THE 16TH–19TH CENTURIES (BASED ON ETHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH)
type: item
description: This article analyzes controversial issues of the ethnopolitical history of the Khiva Khanate in the 16th–19th centuries from the point of view of an ethnological approach. Since the political structure of the khanate was closely connected with tribal relations, the irrigated oasis economy, and regional trade routes, it is not enough to explain ethnic processes solely through dynastic exchanges. Ethnological research, that is, the study of genealogical traditions, clan memory, toponymy, lifestyle, economic relations between nomadic and sedentary groups, and the mechanisms of marriage and alliances, helps to reveal the inner logic of political events in more depth.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: ethno-political process, Khorezm oasis, tribal system, sedentary and nomadic relations, genealogical memory, toponymy.
  topic: keywords
creator: Shahlo Yuldasheva
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-29
publication date: 2026-04-29
starting page: 11
ending page: 15
doi: 10.47390/hum-i4v2y2026/n02

HISTORICAL-ETHNOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF TRADITIONAL SOCIETY RITUALS IN THE "GOROGLI" EPIC
type: item
description: This article provides an in-depth analysis of the system of customs and rituals reflected in the "Gorogli" epic cycle, a major masterpiece of Uzbek heroic folk epics. It examines these rituals as a valuable historical and ethnographic source representing the traditional social life, socio-political institutions, and moral values of the people. The study demonstrates that customary practices such as ontological processes (birth, naming, death), initiation (coming of age and social legitimation of the hero), diplomacy, marriage, hospitality, and oath-taking are not merely artistic expressions, but fundamental regulatory mechanisms governing relationships within traditional society. Furthermore, the rituals in the epic are explored through the lens of the people's historical past, mythological worldview, principles of "steppe democracy," and the syncretism with Islamic values, thereby scientifically substantiating their role in consolidating ethnic identity.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
creator: Sevara Olimova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-29
publication date: 2026-04-29
starting page: 6
ending page: 10
doi: 10.47390/hum-i4v2y2026/n01

THE ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS IN THE FORMATION OF SPEAKING SKILLS IN THE LANGUAGE LEARNING PROCESS
type: item
description: This article analyzes the psychological factors that prevent learners from speaking freely during the foreign language learning process. It examines the impact of fear of making mistakes, language anxiety, low self-esteem, perfectionism, and socio-cultural pressure on students' speaking performance. The paper also explains the main causes of these issues and proposes practical solutions, such as creating a psychologically safe learning environment, using small-group communication, applying gradual speaking activities, and increasing learners’ motivation. The article provides useful insights for teachers and language learners on understanding psychological barriers and effectively overcoming them.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: Psychological factors, language anxiety, fear of making mistakes, perfectionism, self-esteem, foreign language learning, speaking difficulties, communication skills, motivation, psychological barriers.
creator: Ayzhamal Konratbaeva
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-03
publication date: 2026-04-03
starting page: 25
ending page: 28
doi: 10.47390/hum-i3v2y2026/n05

INNOVATIVE OPPORTUNITIES OF AN EDUCATIONAL APPROACH IN THE PROCESS OF OVERCOMING DESTRUCTIVE BEHAVIOR IN ADOLESCENTS
type: item
description: This article scientifically analyzes the impact of psychological violence in the family on adolescent personality, the mechanisms of forming destructive behavior in them, and the innovative possibilities of a personality-valuable educational approach in eliminating this process. The influence of personality-oriented education on strengthening the psychological defense of adolescents, their socio-emotional development, and reducing destructive behavior is substantiated. The article proposes modern mechanisms for transforming the pedagogical process.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: psychological violence, family, adolescence, destructive behavior, personality-oriented education, innovative pedagogy, psychological resilience.
  topic: keywords
creator: Dildora Djurakulova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-03
publication date: 2026-04-03
starting page: 21
ending page: 24
doi: 10.47390/hum-i3v2y2026/n04

CULTURAL-CONCEPTUAL INTERPRETATION OF FAMILY VALUES IN KHOREZM FOLK ART
type: item
description: This article analyzes the expression of family values in Khorezm folk art from ethnographic and cultural-anthropological perspectives. In particular, the study examines how ideas of family, marriage, respect for parents, generational continuity, and marital loyalty are artistically represented in the traditions of epic performance (bakhshi), khalfa performance, maqom music, folk songs, and ritual dances. The findings show that Khorezm folk art functions not only as an aesthetic phenomenon but also as a social institution that transmits moral and cultural values from generation to generation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Khorezm, folk art, family values, bakhshi tradition, khalfa tradition, maqom, ethnography, folklore.
  topic: keywords
creator: Nazokat Matkarimova
creator: Dilorom Matnazarova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-03
publication date: 2026-04-03
starting page: 16
ending page: 20
doi: 10.47390/hum-i3v2y2026/n03

KHOREZM DURING THE ERA OF AMIR TEMUR: APPROACHES AND INTERPRETATIONS OF POLITICAL AND HISTORICAL-CULTURAL PROCESSES IN 20TH-CENTURY HISTORIOGRAPHY
type: item
description: The present article analyzes the works of several prominent 20th-century scholars specifically V.V. Bartold, A.Y. Yakubovskiy, S.P. Tolstov, I. Muminov, Y.G. Gulyamov, N.N. Vakturskaya, and M.M. Mambetullaev—who conducted scientific research on the historical and cultural processes of the Khorezm oasis during the 14th and 15th centuries. The study examines the historiographical evolution of approaches towards the political and cultural developments of the region during the Timurid era.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: 07.00.00–Historical sciences
  topic: category
subject: Dominant ideology, Transoxiana, Khorezm, scientific treatises, articles, reports, monographs, architecture,
  topic: keywords
creator: Shakir Yusupov
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
starting page: 5
ending page: 10
doi: 10.47390/hum-i3v2y2026/n01

SHURABASHAT POTTERY AS ARCHAIC FORMS OF ANCIENT POTTERY PRODUCTION
type: item
description: This article analyzes ceramic artifacts discovered at the Sho‘rabashat site as archaic forms of ancient pottery production. The study examines the shape, production technology, and functional features of the vessels using archaeological and typological methods. The results show that Sho‘rabashat ceramics provide important information about the lifestyle and craft traditions of the ancient population of the Fergana Valley.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sho‘rabashat, archaeology, ceramic artifacts, ancient pottery, Fergana Valley, archaic ceramics, material culture.
  topic: keywords
creator: Oybek Ubaydullayev
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-04-03
publication date: 2026-04-03
starting page: 11
ending page: 15
doi: 10.47390/hum-i3v2y2026/n02

SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE IMPACT OF MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS ON THE HUMAN PSYCHOLOGY
type: item
description: The article discusses the need for a psychological approach to the pros and cons of people using mobile devices today.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: people, communication, technical means, person, bad habit, knowledge, justice, state.
  topic: keywords
creator: Bobokhon Toshmatov
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-02-14
publication date: 2026-02-14
starting page: 40
ending page: 43
doi: 10.47390/hum-i2v2y2026/n08

MODERN REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PERSONALITY AND PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF A TEACHER
type: item
description: The article analyzes the transformation of the role of higher education teachers under the influence of educational digitalization. It discusses key changes in the professional functions of educators — from traditional knowledge transmitters to facilitators, navigators, and moderators of the digital learning environment. Special attention is given to the formation of digital competencies, the challenges of adaptation, and the prospects for professional development in the context of a new educational ecosystem.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: law, digital technologies, education, teaching, distance learning, digital generation, new ecosystem.
  topic: keywords
creator: Nargiza Kadirova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-02-14
publication date: 2026-02-14
starting page: 35
ending page: 39
doi: 10.47390/hum-i2v2y2026/n07

TILLASHAYKHOVA H.A. FEATURES OF THE MOTIVATIONAL-VALUES SPHERE IN THE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT STUDENTS
type: item
description: The article discusses the main approaches to the formation of the concept of psychological wellbeing and resilience in modern psychology. The characteristics of the period of student age are given. The factors of well-being are revealed that allow people of student age to demonstrate the qualities of resilience and overcome life's difficulties.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: motivation, value, well-being, activity, factor.
  topic: keywords
creator: Khosiyat Tillashayxova
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2026-02-14
publication date: 2026-02-14
starting page: 30
ending page: 34
doi: 10.47390/hum-i2v2y2026/n06